Everything about Legio I Minervia totally explained
Legio I Minervia (Latin:
prima minérvia) was a
Roman legion levied by emperor
Domitian in
82, for the campaign against the Germanic tribe of the
Chatti. Its
cognomen is related to the goddess
Minerva, the legion's protector. There are still records of the I
Minervia in the
Rhine border in the middle of the
4th century. The legion's emblem is an image of goddess Minerva.
Legio I
Minervia first, and main, camp was in the city of
Bonna (modern
Bonn), in the province of
Germania Inferior. In
89, they suppressed a revolt of the governor of
Germania Superior. Due to this, Domitian gave them the cognomen
Pia Fidelis Domitiana (loyal and faithful to Domitian) to acknowledge their support.
Between
101 and
106, the legion fought the
Dacian Wars of emperor
Trajan, commanded by
Hadrian, the future emperor. The emblem with Minerva figure appears on the
column of Trajan in
Rome, along with symbols of other legions. After this war, I
Minervia returned to its home city of Bonna. Together with
XXX Ulpia Victrix, stationed close by in
Castra Vetera II (modern
Xanten), they worked in numerous military and building activities, even extracting stone from quarries.
Although it belonged to the Germanic army and Bonn was its camp,
vexillationes (subunits) of the legion were allocated in different parts of the Empire:
During the civil wars of the late
2nd and
3rd century, I
Minervia supported the following emperors (each of them gave them the indicated titles, dropped out after their fall):
Septimius Severus
Elagabalus (Antoniniana)
Alexander Severus (Severiana Alexandriana)
the Gallic Empire, that existed between 260 and 274
Around 353, Bonna was destroyed by the Franks, and I Minervia disappears from the sources. However, there's no reference to its destruction.
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